What unites—and what separates—the brains of humans, animals and machines? Giorgio Vallortigara, one of Italy’s leading neuroscientists, leads a reflection on how the mind works, exploring the relationship between nature and culture, and between biological and artificial intelligence. The event delves into the frontiers of contemporary scientific thought, asking how perception, consciousness, learning and creativity emerge in different ways in living beings and in algorithms. A dialogue that weaves together neuroscience, ethology and artificial intelligence to highlight similarities and differences—opening fresh perspectives on the future of knowledge and on humanity’s place in a world inhabited by many kinds of brains, both natural and artificial.